Surah Fussilat, Verse 53
In due time, We will show humanity Our signs in the boundless horizons of the universe and within their own inner worlds, so that it may become clear to everyone that this revelation is the Truth (the indisputable reality). Is your Lord—Who is a witness to all things—not sufficient for you?
سَنُر۪يهِمْ اٰيَاتِنَا فِي الْاٰفَاقِ وَف۪ٓي اَنْفُسِهِمْ حَتّٰى يَتَبَـيَّنَ لَهُمْ اَنَّهُ الْحَقُّۜ اَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ اَنَّهُ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَيْءis a Witness
We will show them Our signs in the horizons and within themselves until it becomes clear to them that it is the truth. Is it not enough that your Lord is a Witness over all things?
The Exalted Allah declares in the verse of Fussilat/53 that He will reveal the miracles and proofs of the Qur’an clearly and definitively over time, such that these proofs must demonstrate beyond any doubt that the Qur’an is the “absolute truth.” Such indisputably clear proofs can only be scientific in nature. No one can refute objective, scientific evidence.
The proofs and miracles of the Quran exist in every field of science; countless articles could be written on every scientific topic, insha’Allah, to the best of my ability, I will provide examples—as the opportunity arises—of the scientific miracles my Lord has pointed out in the Quran across every field of science. In this article, we will examine the verses of the Quran regarding the creation of the universe (the word “ayah” is also used in Quranic terminology to mean “evidence”) and their scientific counterparts.
First, I will provide examples of verses that refer to the “People of Knowledge.” Why does the Quran refer to servants who possess knowledge?
In the Quran, “knowledge” is used in the sense of “certain, evidence-based information.” Verses 3, 4, and 5 of Surah al-Takasur provide us with very valuable insights regarding the meaning of the word “knowledge”:
Surah al-Takasur 102:3
No, it is not as you think; you will soon know.
كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَۙ
Kella sevfe ta’lemun
Surah al-Takasur 102:4
No, it is not as you think; you will soon know.
Then, “No, you will soon know.”
Summe kella sevfe ta’lemun.
Surah al-Takasur 102:5
No, it is not at all as you think; if only you knew with certainty.
Kella, if only you knew with certain knowledge.
Kella lev ta’lemune ilmel yakin.
In verses 3 and 4 of Surah al-Takathur, our Lord says, “You will soon know—it is not as you think” (referring to Hell), and in verse 5, He states, “If only you knew with certain knowledge (‘Ilmel Yakin’).” If we reflect on this definition by thoroughly understanding the meaning of the word and considering whom our Exalted Lord refers to as “those who possess knowledge,” we see that those who possess knowledge are not those who “read the Qur’an like parrots without understanding it, fail to grasp the greatness of their Lord, turn religion into a game or a form of entertainment, make no effort to understand the Qur’an, those who divide Allah’s religion into sects, those who worship any created human being, and—most importantly—those who fail to grasp the most crucial messages emphasized in the Qur’an and therefore do not incorporate them into their lives,” it is very clear that they are not the “people of knowledge” referred to in “Surah Al-Anfal, Verse 22.”
What I understand from the Quran is that my Lord’s knowledgeable servants are pious believers who are also well-versed in the positive sciences.
Surah Al-Anfal, Verse 22
In the sight of Allah, the most worthless of all creatures on earth are the deaf and mute who do not use their reason.
اِنَّ شَرَّ الدَّوَٓابِّ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الصُّمُّ الْبُكْمُ الَّذ۪ينَ لَا يَعْقِلُون
Inna sharra al-dawabi inda Allahi al-summ al-bukm al-ladhina la ya’qilun
My Lord’s knowledgeable servants; by reading the book of the universe He has written, by seeing Allah’s signs—His “evidence”—in the universe and within their own selves (their consciousnesses), are those who are well-versed in the Positive Sciences of our Exalted Lord—the sciences that prove the causes of events through experimentation, observation, and measurable data—or who, even if not fully versed, strive to understand them, and who realize that they can never fully comprehend the majesty of the Exalted ALLAH. They know that they can witness only a very, very small fraction (perhaps as small as a fetila “string”) of their Lord’s infinite knowledge.
Surah Al-Isra, Verse 85
They ask you about the soul. Say: “The soul is by the command of my Lord. And you have been given very little knowledge.”
وَيَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِۜ قُلِ الرُّوحُ مِنْ اَمْرِ رَبّ۪ي وَمَٓا اُو۫ت۪يتُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ اِلَّا قَل۪يلاً
And they ask you about the soul; say, “The soul is from the command of my Lord, and you have been given only a little knowledge.”
They do not mix shirk with their faith; they feel only awe (reverence born of trembling at His Majesty) toward Allah; they are convinced by evidence of the Quran’s divine origin; they trust in the Quran and walk the straight path—“the path of the Quran.” They seek their Lord by bearing witness—through the intellect bestowed by the Exalted Allah—to the manifestation of all of His attributes. As they read the Qur’an, they know that their Lord is speaking to them; they are God-fearing, seek the Truth, turn to their Lord with sincerity, and live their religion in a way that is unique to their Lord.
Surah Az-Zumar, Verse 2
We have revealed this Book to you with the Truth. Therefore, serve Allah by dedicating your religion solely to Him.
اِنَّٓا اَنْزَلْـنَٓا اِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ فَاعْبُدِ اللّٰهَ مُخْلِصاً لَهُ الدّ۪ينَۜ
Inna enzelna ileykel kitabe bil-haqq, fa’budillahe muhlisan lehud din.
Surah Al-Jinn, Verse 20
Say: “I call upon my Lord alone, and I associate nothing with Him.”
Say, “I call upon my Lord alone, and I associate no one with Him.”
Kul innema ed’u rabbi ve la uşriku bihi ehada
Do not be surprised that a religious text can be better understood by those well-versed in the positive sciences; the Qur’an is a miraculous book containing hundreds of verifiable scientific proofs (in fields such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, astronomy, medicine, embryology, biology, and geology).
The Qur’an itself is “proof.” It is proof that it comes from our Lord; the Qur’an is the absolute truth—it is “the Truth.” In my articles, where I will provide examples of the miracles of the Qur’an, I will, God willing, present these “proofs” to you as well.
Ali Imran, Verse 60
This is the Truth from your Lord; do not be among those who doubt.
اَلْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلَا تَكُنْ مِنَ الْمُمْتَر۪ينَ
El hakku min rabbike fe la tekun minel mumterin
Surah An-Nisa, Verse 174
O people! A “proof” has certainly come to you from your Lord. And We have sent down to you a clear light.
O people, a proof has indeed come to you from your Lord, and We have sent down to you a clear light.
Ya eyyuhan nasu kad caekum burhanun min rabbikum ve enzelna ileykum nuran mubin.
Verses Regarding Those Possessing Knowledge
Surah Al-Isra, Verse 107
Say: “Whether you believe in it (the Qur’an) or not, those who were given knowledge before it—when the Qur’an is recited to them—fall prostrate on their chins.”
Say, “Believe in it or do not believe in it. Indeed, those who were given knowledge before it—when it is recited to them, they fall prostrate on their chins.”
Say, “Believe in it or do not believe in it. Indeed, those who were given knowledge before it—when it is recited to them, they fall prostrate on their chins.”
Knowledge is evidence-based, certain, and beyond doubt. Like mathematics—2 times 2 equals 4 everywhere in the universe.
Surah Fatir, Verse 28
Among people, animals, and other living beings, there are those of various colors. Only “those who possess knowledge” among Allah’s servants feel awe—that is, they show respect with due reverence. Undoubtedly, Allah is the Most Exalted, the Most Forgiving.
وَمِنَ النَّاسِ وَالدَّوَٓابِّ وَالْاَنْعَامِ مُخْتَلِفٌ اَلْوَانُهُ كَذٰلِكَۜ اِنَّمَا يَخْشَى اللّٰهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمٰٓؤُ۬اۜ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَز۪يزand Forgiving
And among people, animals, and livestock, there are various colors—just as that is the case. Only the scholars among His servants fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Mighty, Forgiving
The Qur’an indicates that it is the “people of knowledge” who will fear Almighty Allah the most—that is, who will revere Him with the proper sense of awe. Those who come closest to truly comprehending the greatness of Almighty Allah—if indeed they can—are the God-fearing believers who are also well-versed in the positive sciences, as I noted above.
Surah Al-Imran, Verse 7
It is He who has revealed this Book to you. Some of its verses are definitive (muhkem)—these are the essence of the Book—while others are metaphorical (muteşabih). Those with sickness in their hearts follow the ambiguous verses to mislead people and give them different meanings. Only Allah knows their true interpretation—as do “those who have deepened their knowledge and have firm roots in it.” They say, “All of them are from our Lord; we have approved of them all.” No one heeds the admonition except those endowed with reason and understanding.
It is He who has revealed the Book to you; in it are verses that are definitive—they are the foundation of the Book—and others that are ambiguous. As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they follow the ambiguous parts of it, seeking to cause discord and seeking to interpret it as they please. Yet none knows its true interpretation except Allah and those firmly grounded in knowledge say, “We believe in it; all of it is from our Lord.” And none take heed except those of understanding
It is He who has revealed to you the Book; in it are verses that are definitive—these are the foundation of the Book—and others that are ambiguous. As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they follow the ambiguous parts of it, seeking discord and seeking to interpret it as they please; yet none knows its true interpretation except Allah, and those firmly grounded in knowledge say, “We believe in it; all of it is from our Lord.” None take heed except those of understanding
Surah Rad, Verse 43
The disbelievers say, “You are not a messenger.” Say, “Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you, and those among them who possess knowledge of the Book.”
And those who disbelieve say, “You are not a messenger.” Say, “Sufficient is Allah as a witness between me and you, and those with knowledge of the Book.”
And those who disbelieve say, “You are not a messenger.” Say, “Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you, and those who possess knowledge of the Book.”
Now let us return to the verses concerning the creation of the universe; in verse 7 of Surah Hud, the Qur’an indicates that when the universe was created, “the Throne was upon the water.” A verse that remained incomprehensible for centuries is now revealing its meaning as science advances.
The Throne Being Above the Liquid
Signs of Dark Fluid / Quark-Gluon Plasma
Surah Hud, Verse 7
It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days (phases). His (Allah’s) Throne is upon a fluid. He created them to test which of you will do better deeds. If you say to those who turn away from the verses, “You will indeed be resurrected after you die,” they will say, “This is nothing but obvious sorcery.”
And it is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and His Throne was upon the water, so that He might test you—to see which of you is best in deeds. And if you were to say, “Indeed, you will be resurrected after death, those who disbelieve will surely say, ‘This is nothing but obvious sorcery.’
And He is the One who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and His Throne was upon the water to test you—which of you is best in deeds; and if you were to say, “Indeed, you will be resurrected after death,” surely those who disbelieve would say, “This is nothing but obvious magic.”
The verse refers to the creation of the universe. The concept of “the Throne being over the water” sounds intriguing; it remained incomprehensible for centuries, and its understanding became possible only with the advancement of science. In the light of modern science, this concept manifests in two ways during the creation of the universe. The verse points to a great miracle.
- Quark-Gluon Plasma
Quark-Gluon Plasma is a fluid and, under normal conditions, represents the strong interaction—which holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus—in its liberated state at extremely high temperatures (thousands of billions of degrees Celsius). Normally, subatomic particles—quarks and gluons (a type of boson)—are confined within the nucleus; however, in the first moments of the Big Bang, the universe was so hot that this force could not hold the quarks together, and the quarks and gluons became free. During this period, the universe was fluid, much like a liquid, existing in a plasma state as described by quantum field theories. Scientists are able to create this fluid for a very, very brief period in laboratories by conducting experiments to understand the conditions of the early universe. (Alice Collaboration Experiment)
Modern physics has shown that the universe was in a fluid state at the moment of its creation.
- Dark Fluid Theory
It is a theoretical model that explains both Dark Matter and Dark Energy under a single concept.
“Dark Fluid” is referenced in verses 15 and 16 of Surah al-Takwir. Dark Energy and Dark Matter are components of the same Dark Fluid; in certain physical states, it behaves as Dark Matter, and in other physical states, it behaves as Dark Energy. (Different manifestations or behaviors of a single fluid.)
Dark Matter: It holds galaxies together; the fact that stars on the outer edges of galaxies rotate faster than expected serves as evidence of its existence.
Dark Energy: It causes the universe to expand at an accelerating rate, pushing galaxies apart, as if inflating the universe like a balloon. It does not interact with matter.
In the Surahs of Zariyat and Mursalat, our Lord has alluded to Dark Energy; Allah knows best.
Surah Al-Mursalat, Verse 1
I swear by those sent forth in succession, wave upon wave.
وَالْمُرْسَلَاتِ عُرْفاًۙ
Vel murselati urfa.
Surah Al-Mursalat, Verse 2
By those that blow as they blow
So the gale-force winds as they rage,
Fel asıfati asfa
Surah Al-Mursalat, Verse 3
To those that spread far and wide
And to those who spread out, spreading out,
And the Scatterers, scattering.
Surah Al-Mursalat, Verse 4
To those who separate,
فَالْفَارِقَاتِ فَرْقاًۙ
By those that separate, separating.
“Al-Mursalat” means “the sent ones.” In these metaphorical verses of the Surah al-Mursalat, “Dark Energy” is referred to through descriptions of the “Universe”—“sent in waves, blowing as it blows, flowing rapidly without interacting with matter, expanding as it expands”—and the “Galaxies”—“separating as they separate.”
In Surah Al-Hajj, verse 75, Almighty Allah states that He has chosen angels as messengers as well. Angels exist in every form—such as atoms, cells, gravity, and electromagnetism—as matter, energy, and forces within the workings of the universe, and they carry out their duties in accordance with Almighty Allah’s Sunnatullah. The messengers referred to as “Mürselat” in the verse are the angels of Almighty Allah: “Dark Energy.”
Surah al-Hajj, Verse 75
ALLAH chooses messengers from among the angels and from among mankind. Indeed, ALLAH is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.
اَللّٰهُ يَصْطَف۪ي مِنَ الْمَلٰٓئِكَةِ رُسُلاً وَمِنَ النَّاسِۜ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ سَم۪يعٌ بَص۪يرٌۚ
Allahu yastafi minel melaiketi rusulen ve minen nas, innallahe semiun basir.
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 1
By those who scatter and disperse,
And by the winds that scatter,
Vez zariyati zerven.
Dark energy pushes galaxies apart, separating them from one another.
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 2
And to those that bear heavy loads
To those who bear heavy loads,
Fel hamilati vıkren
Dark Energy bears the weight of all galaxies in the universe and all celestial bodies within them. Not only does it bear this weight, but it also expands the universe. It has overcome the gravitational pull of the Universe. (This will continue until the Day of Judgment; however, at the moment of the “Hour,” gravity will prevail, the heavens and the earth will grow heavy—as indicated in Surah Al-Araf, verse 187—and the Universe will collapse inward. The cyclical Universe, Surah At-Tariq, verse 11
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 3
And to those that flow with ease
فَالْجَارِيَاتِ يُسْراًۙ
Fel cariyati yusren.
Dark energy flows easily and does not interact with matter.
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 4
And a command to those who divide
فَالْمُقَسِّمَاتِ اَمْراًۙ
Fel mukassimati, emren
They distribute and apportion Allah’s command throughout the universe. There is no place in our universe where it is not found.
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 7
By the sky with its interwoven patterns
And by the sky with its interlacing patterns,
Ves semai zatil hubuki
In Verse 7 of Surah Al-Zariyat, just as the Exalted ALLAH refers to the orbits of celestial bodies, the word “hubuk” also means tight weave or pattern. Every part of our universe is covered with quantum fluctuations. There is NO place in our universe where quantum fluctuations do not exist—not even in a vacuum. The verse may be referring to quantum fluctuations. According to String Theory, the universe is woven from strings that are very small, measuring 10⁻³³ cm; the “weave” referred to could also be the very tight weave created by these strings.
Only Almighty Allah knows the truth.
Further evidence that Surah Zariyat points to Dark Energy is also indicated in the 47th verse of the same surah. The fact that this verse—which clearly addresses the expansion of the universe—is also found in the same surah—since the expansion of the universe is linked to Dark Energy—strongly suggests to us that the opening verses of Surah Zariyat point to Dark Energy.
Surah Al-Zariyat, Verse 47
We built the heavens with power, and indeed, We are the Expanders
وَالسَّمَٓاءَ بَنَيْنَاهَا بِاَيْدٍ وَاِنَّا لَمُوسِعُونَ
Ves semae beneynaha bi eydin ve inna le musiun.
The universe is built upon four fundamental forces: the weak nuclear force, the strong nuclear force, electromagnetism, and the force of gravity. Our Lord is expanding our universe by accelerating it through Dark Energy.
Surah Rad, Verse 2
It is Allah who raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see, then established Himself as Sovereign over all, and subjected the sun and the moon to His command. All of them run their course for a specified term. He controls all affairs and explains His signs in detail so that you may have no doubt about meeting your Lord.
Allah is the One who raised the heavens without any pillar that you can see, then established Himself on the Throne, and subjected the sun and the moon. Each runs its course for a specified term. He manages all affairs and explains the signs in detail, so that you may be certain of your meeting with your Lord.
Allah—He who raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see, then established Himself upon the Throne, and subjected the sun and the moon; each runs its course for a specified term. He manages all affairs and explains the signs in detail, so that you may be certain of the meeting with your Lord
In Verse 2 of Surah Rad, the Exalted Allah states that Dark Energy functions like pillars, rapidly expanding the universe and preventing its collapse—while also counteracting gravitational pull. Following the transition marked by “Then,” there is a sign that the smoke within the universe—where the Solar System would be created (9.2 billion years after the Big Bang)—is being organized by information coming from the Arsh, within which the universe itself is contained. The Sun and the Moon float and flow within Dark Matter; the use of the verb “yecrin” at this point is miraculous—it means “to flow.” These are signs pointing toward a “musemmen, predetermined” end—signs that are entirely consistent with scientific findings and never contradictory. Just like all matter, both the Sun and the Moon have an end.
Neither Dark Matter nor Dark Energy is visible; they cannot be measured directly and are understood only through their effects.
Dark Fluid behaves like gravity (like matter) in some cases and exerts a repulsive force (like energy) in others; because of these properties, it is thought to have come into our universe from a higher dimension, inflating our universe much like a balloon being inflated. “String Theory” is a field of study in Theoretical Physics. I highly recommend that you explore it.
Surah al-Takwir, Verse 15
No, I swear by those who lag behind and hide
فَلَٓا اُقْسِمُ بِالْخُنَّسِۙ
Fe la uksimu bil hunnes.
Surah al-Takwir, Verse 16
To those who rush forward and those who turn back and hide
Al-Jawari al-Kunna,
Al-Jawār al-Kunnes.
In verse 15 of Surah At-Takwir, our Exalted Lord refers to “those who lag behind and hide, bil hunnes,” and in verse 16, “those who turn back and hide, l-kunnes,” both signify the manifestation of the same physical entity (Dark Fluid)—the “Dark Matter” that forms galaxies. The verse that follows, verse 16, the reference to “those that flow on, al-jawari” may also be an oath regarding “Dark Energy.” These are metaphorical verses. Allah alone knows best.
“The Hour”—in other words, the moment of the “Resurrection”—signifies the triumph of gravitational pull over Dark Energy and the collapse of the universe inward;
Surah Al-A’raf, Verse 187
They ask you about the Hour—when it will occur. Say: “Knowledge of it rests solely with my Lord. No one but He can reveal its time. It will be a heavy burden on the heavens and the earth. It will come upon you suddenly.” They ask you about it as if you already knew. Say, “Knowledge of it is with Allah alone.” Yet most people do not know this truth.
They ask you about the Hour: “When will it occur?” Say: “Knowledge of it is only with my Lord. None but He will reveal its time. It will be a momentous event in the heavens and the earth. It will come upon you suddenly. They ask you as if you were well-informed about it. Say, “Knowledge of it is with Allah, but most people do not know
They ask you about the Hour: “When will it occur?” Say, “Knowledge of it is with my Lord; none can reveal its time except Him.” The heavens and the earth will be shaken; it will come upon you suddenly. They ask you as if you were unaware of it. Say, “Knowledge of it is with Allah, but most people do not know.”
A second sign of the universe’s collapse is mentioned in the 11th verse of Surah al-Tariq:
Surah al-Tariq, Verse 11
By the sky that returns,
وَالسَّمَٓاءِ ذَاتِ الرَّجْعِۙ
Ves semai zatir rec’
Allah knows best.
For more information: https://kuranmucizeler.com/goeklerin-ve-yerin-aras-ndaki-nedir-karanl-k-madde-ve-karanl-k-enerji.html
The Big Bang
Among the evidences for the Big Bang are: the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation present throughout the entire Universe—this faint radiation is a remnant of the light emitted during the early stages of the Universe— secondly, the “redshift,” which indicates that galaxies are receding—as light from distant sources has a longer wavelength and shifts toward the red end of the spectrum—is one of the strongest pieces of evidence for the expansion of the universe. The wavelength of light coming from distant galaxies has lengthened even further. (More distant galaxies have higher redshifts: Hubble’s Law) This is linked to the expansion of the universe and is a miracle mentioned in the Quran, Surah Al-Zariyat, verse 47. Thirdly, the verse in Surah Ar-Ra’d, verse 2, is consistent with the universe having originated from a state of extreme density and heat (as I mentioned above regarding the Quark-Gluon Plasma and the miracle of the Arsh being over a liquid, both of which are indicated in the Quran). The abundance ratios of light elements also serve as physical evidence supporting the Big Bang.
The Big Bang is clear evidence mentioned in the Quran.
Surah Al-Anbiya, Verse 30. It is a great miracle. In the same verse, our Lord declares that He created every living being from water. The Quran clearly reveals two great miracles—which were only discovered centuries later—in a single verse. “SUBHANALLAH”
Surah Al-Anbiya, Verse 30
Do those who disbelieve not see that the heavens and the earth were joined together, and We split them apart? And We created every living thing from water. Will they still not acknowledge the truth?
اَوَلَمْ يَرَ الَّذ۪ينَ كَفَرُٓوا اَنَّ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْاَرْضَ كَانَتَا رَتْقاً فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَاۜ وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَٓاءِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَيٍّۜ اَفَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
E ve lem yerellezine keferu ennes semavati vel arda kaneta retkan fe fetaknahuma, ve cealna minel mai kulle şey’in hayy, e fe la yu’minun.
The heavens and the earth, which were originally a single entity—a “singularity”—separated 13.8 billion years ago with the Big Bang. The four fundamental forces came into existence.
Our universe is 13.8 billion years old; the analysis of the cosmic microwave background radiation, the oldest galaxies and star clusters, and the rate of the universe’s expansion (Hubble’s Constant)—when these pieces of information are brought together—scientifically confirm that the Big Bang occurred 13.8 billion years ago.
The Formation of the Solar System
Our universe is 13.8 billion years old. Almighty Allah states that it consists of 6 (six) stages (Surah Al-A’raf, Verse 54)
Surah Al-A’raf, Verse 54
Your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days/stages, then established Himself on the Throne; who makes the night follow the day without ceasing; and who has subjected the Sun, the Moon, and the stars to His command. Take heed! Creation and command belong solely to Him. Allah, the Lord of the worlds, is Exalted in Might.
Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then established Himself on the Throne, enveloping the night with the day, pursuing it with haste and the sun, the moon, and the stars—all subject to His command. Behold, to Him belongs creation and command. Blessed be Allah, Lord of the Worlds.
Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then established Himself upon the Throne. He covers the day with the night, pursuing it relentlessly, and the sun, the moon, and the stars are all subject to His command. Behold, to Him belongs all creation and all command. Blessed be Allah, Lord of the worlds.
When our Exalted Lord created the universe, there were no “days”; a “day,” as we understand it, is one rotation of the Earth around its own axis. Since the Earth did not yet exist at the time of the universe’s creation, Almighty Allah uses the term “eyyamin” to denote stages or periods. Given that 6 (six) stages total 13.8 billion years, one stage equals 13.8/6 = 2.3 billion years. According to scientific findings, the age of the “Ard”—that is, our Earth—is 4.6 billion years. This means it spans two stages, as indicated in the Quran (Surah Fussilat, Verse 9), which is a great miracle. There is never any contradiction in the Quran (Surah An-Nisa, Verse 82).
Surah Fussilat, Verse 9
Say: “Do you indeed show ingratitude toward the One who created the earth in two days/phases? Do you see anyone equal to Him? He is the Lord of the worlds.”
قُلْ اَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذ۪ي خَلَقَ الْاَرْضَ ف۪ي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَـهُٓ اَنْدَاداًۜ ذٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَم۪ينَۚ
Say: “Do you indeed disbelieve in the One who created the earth in two days, yet you set up equals to Him? That is the Lord of the worlds.”
Regarding the formation of the Solar System, the preparation and blessing of the nebula from which the Solar System would form are described in the Qur’an as occurring in four stages, in complete harmony with scientific findings—that is, 2.3 × 4 = 9.2 billion years, which is entirely consistent with scientific evidence. When our universe was 9.2 billion years old, our Lord issued the command for the formation of our Earth and our Sun—that is, at the end of the fourth stage. There is never any contradiction in the Qur’an. (Surah An-Nisa’/82)
Surah Fussilat, Verse 10
There, He established firm mountains upon it. And He made it fertile. For those who seek sustenance there, He has decreed their sustenance within four days, without distinction
وَجَعَلَ ف۪يهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ ف۪يهَا وَقَدَّرَ ف۪يهَٓا اَقْوَاتَهَا ف۪ٓي اَرْبَعَةِ اَيَّامٍۜ سَوَٓاءً لِلسَّٓائِل۪ينَ
And He placed mountains upon it, blessed it, and apportioned its sustenance within it in four days—equally for all who ask
Verses indicating how our Earth evolved from a small rock to its current form during the formation of the Solar System
The Spherical Expansion and Enlargement of the Earth
Surah An-Naziat, Verse 30
He spread out the earth and made it round.
And the earth, after that, He spread it out.
Vel arda ba’de zalike dehaha.
There is a great miracle in this verse. The word “dehaha” in the verse was chosen very specifically by Almighty Allah. This word provides significant evidence regarding the formation of the Earth.
The word “dehaha” means to spread, to expand, or to extend—that is, to make something wider, larger, or of a broader scope. After a heavy rain, a person might say: “The rain gathered the round pebbles, grouped them together, and piled them up.” (It drove the pebbles from the surface of the earth); like a child dragging something wooden along the ground and sweeping or clearing everything in front of them. The above explanations are taken from Lane’s Lexicon. Lane’s Lexicon, page 863 (of 3039).
When the word (دَحَاهَا) (dehaha) in the verse is considered in light of the above meanings, it conveys the idea of gathering small fragments—such as pebbles—together to form a large, round object, making it even larger and rounder, and clearing away everything in its path. This word signifies the expansion of the Earth’s surface area. As a sphere grows, its surface area increases. The surface area expands, spreads out, and becomes wider. Approximately 4.6 billion years ago, Almighty Allah directed His attention toward the smoky heavens (the solar nebula: 98% gas, 2% dust composed of heavy metals) and, through the power of gravity, caused this smoke to rotate and compress. As it compressed, the temperature and pressure at the center increased, and our Sun began to shine, emitting its first rays and being born as a “T Tauri” star. As the Sun began to shine, the disk of gas and dust (“protoplanetary disk”) moved away from the star and continued to rotate. As indicated in later verses, its surface area expanded and its volume increased (to spread, to expand, to extend).
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Surah al-Hijr, Verse 19
We spread out the earth and placed mountains upon it, and We caused every kind of plant to grow upon it in due measure.
وَالْاَرْضَ مَدَدْنَاهَا وَاَلْقَيْنَا ف۪يهَا رَوَاسِيَ وَاَنْبَتْنَا ف۪يهَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْزُونٍ
Vel arda medednaha ve elkayna fiha revasiye ve enbetna fiha min kulli şey’in mevzun.
The literal meaning of “medednaha” is “to extend, to expand, to distend,” according to the Hans Wehr Dictionary, 4th edition. The word “medednaha” provides another beautiful example of how the earth was expanded during the creation of our world; it means to spread out, to expand, or to enlarge by inflating. “Revasiye,” on the other hand, refers to structures driven like pegs into the mantle between tectonic plates, which prevent major continental movements.
Surah Al-Kaf, Verse 7
And again, We spread out the earth and placed firm mountains upon it. And We caused every kind of plant to grow in pairs upon it.
وَالْاَرْضَ مَدَدْنَاهَا وَاَلْقَيْنَا ف۪يهَا رَوَاسِيَ وَاَنْبَتْنَا ف۪يهَا مِنْ كُلِّ زَوْجٍ بَه۪يجٍۙ
Vel arda medednaha ve elkayna fiha revasiye ve enbetna fiha min kulli zevcin behicin
In this verse, there is a second miracle: Centuries before the development of botanical science, the Qur’an stated that every plant was created in “pairs” (“zevcin”) as mentioned in the word “enbetna.” One might wonder, “Do apples and pears come in pairs?” Yet, just as the Qur’an states, all plants have pairs—some within the same flower, others in different flowers. It was impossible for this scientific discovery to have been known during the time the Qur’an was revealed. If, 1,400 years ago, someone had looked at an apple and said that apples have male and female varieties, people would have mocked them. But the Quran lays out the facts, and as science has advanced, the verses of the Quran have begun to be revealed. In some plants, such as apples, pears, and peaches, both male and female reproductive organs are found in the same flower; in others, such as hazelnuts and chestnuts, there may be only male or only female flowers on the same tree; and in some, such as pistachios, figs, and dates, they may be on separate trees. However, our Lord has created all plants “in pairs.” There is never any contradiction in the Qur’an. This is clear evidence.
Surah Shams, Verse 6
And the earth and He who spread it out
وَالْاَرْضِ وَمَا طَحٰيهَاۙۖ
Vel ardı ve ma tahaha.
Surah Nuh, Verse 19
Allah has made the earth spacious for you, expanded it, and spread it out
وَاللّٰهُ جَعَلَ لَـكُمُ الْاَرْضَ بِسَاطاًۙ
Vallahu ceale lekumul arda bisata
The word “Tehaha” means “to expand.” It means “to enlarge by expanding.” Lane’s Lexicon Dictionary defines the word “Bisata” as “to enlarge, to expand, to spread”; it means “to enlarge, to expand, and to spread.” Hans Wehr Dictionary, 4th edition. Both the volume and surface area of a sphere increase as the radius increases; as the radius extends, the surface area expands. The Quran describes in the verses above the process by which the world was created—by enlarging, spreading, and expanding a piece of rock to give it volume. Our Lord has pointed to the creation of the world in various verses; the Quran emphasizes the process of the world’s creation with the most beautiful words. It is a great miracle for those with knowledge.
The Quran announced that the world is round 1,400 years ago.
Surah Az-Zumar, Verse 5
He created the heavens and the earth in truth. He wraps the night around the day and wraps the day around the night. He has subjected the sun and the moon. All of them run their course for a specified term. Know well that He is the All-Mighty, the Most Forgiving.
خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْاَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّۚ يُكَوِّرُ الَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى الَّيْلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَۜ كُلٌّ يَجْرfor a specified term. Behold, He is the Almighty, the Forgiving.
He created the heavens and the earth in truth; He wraps the night around the day and the day around the night, and He has made the sun and the moon subservient; each runs its course for a specified term. Is He not the Almighty, the Forgiving?
The word “Yukevviru” means “to make round, to wrap, to wrap around a round object, to give it a spherical shape.” “To roll up, to become round, to become ball-shaped, spherical.” In this verse, Almighty Allah declares that night wraps around day, and day wraps around night, on the spherical Earth. The word “Yukevviru” means to wrap or coil something that is spherical or ball-shaped. It is a great miracle and clear evidence.
The Quran announced 1,400 years ago that there are fissures between the continents and that the “Earth” is in motion.
Surah Al-Tariq, Verse 12
I swear by the earth that splits open
وَالْأَرْضِ ذَاتِ الصَّدْعِۙ
Vel ardı zatis sad’
The meaning of “s-sad” is “to crack, to break an object,” according to the Hans Wehr Dictionary. Modern science shows that the Earth’s crust is full of cracks. Our Earth’s outer crust is not a single, solid structure. It is divided into pieces, much like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. These are called tectonic plates. The different movements of these tectonic plates cause the continents to move. Earthquakes occur. Mountain ranges form. These tectonic movements are the greatest forces shaping the Earth’s surface. In this verse, Almighty Allah may have been referring to the Earth’s tectonic fractures and fissures. The fissures and cracks that separate these tectonic plates are invisible to the naked eye. Most of them lie beneath the oceans. The fact that these massive fissures and cracks—which cannot be seen from the outside—are mentioned in the Quran, which was revealed 1,400 years ago, is strong evidence that the Quran comes from the Creator of the universe and our world. A human being who lived 1,400 years ago could not have known that the Earth possesses massive fissures and cracks. Therefore, verse 86:12 is strong evidence that the Quran comes from Allah.
Another verse related to the geological phenomenon described in this verse is verse 88 of Surah An-Naml. In this verse, our Almighty Lord informs us that the Earth’s crust, which is riddled with fissures, is also in motion—albeit very slowly—just like the clouds.
Surah An-Naml, Verse 88
You look at the mountains and think they are stationary. Yet they move just as the clouds move. This is the work of Allah, who makes everything firm. He knows the inner reality of everything you do
وَتَرَى الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَةً وَهِيَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِۜ صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ الَّـذ۪ٓي اَتْقَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍۜ اِنَّهُ خَب۪يرٌ بِمَا تَفْعَلُونَ
And you see the mountains and think they are stationary, yet they pass by as swiftly as the clouds—the work of Allah, who has perfected everything; indeed, He is fully aware of what you do.
How can mountains move?
The “lithosphere,” the outermost layer of the Earth, is in constant motion; however, because it moves so slowly, it is impossible to observe this movement or even notice it within a single human lifetime. Only after hundreds of thousands or millions of years have passed do we see the major shifts in the positions of the continents. It is impossible for a human to have understood this—especially 1,400 years ago—and this is clear evidence that the Qur’an comes from the Creator of our world, the Lord of the Worlds.
According to modern geological findings: The continents of the world came together approximately 335 million years ago to form a single supercontinent. The name of this supercontinent was “Pangea.” Pangea broke apart approximately 175 million years ago and, over time, transformed into the continents we see today. The continental drift explained to us by our Lord in the Quran has occurred in this manner on our planet.
The example of mountains moving “like the movement of clouds” is also magnificent; with this example, our Lord points out that the continents move very slowly. I ask those who believe the Quran is not the Word of Allah: Why would the Prophet Muhammad have said such a thing? This is an event that cannot be perceived with the naked eye. Wouldn’t the polytheists say, “The mountains aren’t moving—where are the mountains you said were moving? They’re all just standing still”? Why would he put forward a claim that appears so obviously “wrong”?
This is clear proof that the Quran comes from the Lord of the Worlds.
The Descent of Water to Our World
Our world did not produce water on its own. Water was sent down to our world from space, just like “iron.” The Quran uses the same verb for both: “enzelna” (Surah Al-Mu’minun, verse 18; Surah Al-Hadid, verse 25), and both have, of course, been proven by modern science. Both water and iron were sent down to our world by the command of Almighty Allah.
According to calculations, approximately 4 billion years ago, changes in the orbits of Saturn and Jupiter caused a large number of rocks and stones to be directed toward the inner planets. About 3.8 billion years ago, these rocks fell in large quantities onto Earth—along with the water and molecules they contained, of course.
To understand where the water came from, the heavy water ratio is being examined. The ratio of hydrogen atoms to deuterium atoms in water is being compared (D/H). The D/H ratio of water on Earth is 1.56 × 10⁻⁴. Studies have shown that the D/H ratio of water in comets from the inner regions—known as the “Jupiter family”—is the same as that of water on Earth. Similarly, the D/H ratio of water-bearing asteroids known as “carbonaceous chondrites” is also the same as that of water on Earth. According to scientific findings, water was brought to our planet from space.
Surah Al-Mu’minun, Verse 18
We sent down water from the sky in due measure. And We stored it in the earth; surely We have the power to remove it as well.
وَاَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَٓاءِ مَٓاءً بِقَدَرٍ فَاَسْكَنَّاهُ فِي الْاَرْضِۗ وَاِنَّا عَلٰى ذَهَابٍ بِه۪ لَقَادِرُونَۚ
And We sent down water from the sky in measured amounts, and We settled it in the earth; and indeed, We are certainly able to cause it to vanish.
I don’t think there’s any need to explain the importance of water for living beings. It’s to be expected that the Qur’an would emphasize this—but what about iron? Why did our Almighty Lord single out iron? Why does the Qur’an say, “We also sent down iron”?
Surah Hadid, Verse 25
We sent Our messengers with clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Book and the Balance so that people might uphold justice. We also sent down iron—which possesses great strength and benefits for people—so that Allah might distinguish those who affirm and support Him and His Messenger. Allah is Mighty, Exalted.
لَقَدْ اَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَاَنْزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْم۪يزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِۚ وَاَنْزَلْنَا الْحَد۪يدَ ف۪يهِ بَأْسٌ شَدand benefits for mankind, and so that Allah may know who supports Him and His messengers in the unseen. Indeed, Allah is Mighty, Exalted.
Indeed, We have sent Our messengers with clear proofs, and We have revealed with them the Scripture and the Balance so that mankind may uphold justice; and We have revealed iron, in which there is great might and benefits for people, so that Allah may know who supports Him and His messengers in the unseen; indeed, Allah is Mighty, Exalted
Iron has been “sent down” to our world from space, and it has also been brought down from the Earth’s surface to the center of our world. Iron is also found at the center of stars; since nuclear fusion reactions end with “Fe”—that is, iron—it seals the stars’ fate, causing them to explode and leading to the formation of black holes and neutron stars. In this way, the matter released into space initiates life in the cosmos. Just as iron is at the center of all stars and our world, our Lord has placed the Surah of Iron at the very center of the 114 surahs in the Quran. “Surah 57.”
Iron’s atomic number is 26. The atomic number is the identity of an element; no other element has an atomic number—that is, a proton count—of 26. The Arabic word for iron, “hadid,”
(حديد) has an Abjad value of 26. “Al-Hadid” (ٱلْحَدِيدَ) is the definite form of the word “hadid” (similar to “iron” or “the iron”). The Abjad value of this word (“Al-Hadid”) is 57, which is the sequential number of the Iron Surah in the Quran.
During the time the Quran was revealed, Arabic letters were used as numerals, and each letter had a numerical equivalent. The Quran contains mathematical proofs related to the Abjad system that surpass human capability. Insha’Allah, I will explain these when I discuss the topic of “scientific miracles in the Quran” in my future articles.
To put it briefly: the Arabic word “hadid” consists of four letters—Ha (8), Dal (4), Ya (10), and Dal (4)—for a total of 26. When the letters Alif (1) and Lam (30) are added to “al-hadid,” the Abjad total for “al-hadid” becomes 57.
Important Note: The order of the surahs in the Quran is divine, as in the example of “Iron”; I will present many examples related to this as well. Our Lord did not place the “Alak Surah”—which was the first surah to be revealed—in the 19th position from the end, nor did He place the “Kalem Surah”—which was the second to be revealed—in the 68th position without reason. In the “Mecid” Qur’an, which comes from the Preserved Tablet, the location of every letter is significant. I will provide examples, insha’Allah. Claims that the order of the surahs in the Qur’an is divine—such as the idea that long surahs are placed at the beginning and short ones at the end—have no basis in reality. I will present the evidence for this to you, and insha’Allah, you too will bear witness to the divine nature of the surah order. There are many examples, but since we are discussing iron, let me give one related to it: The first verse where iron is mentioned is verse 50 of Surah 17, which is the 2,077th verse of the Quran. In contrast, the phrase “We have softened iron” appears in verse 10 of Surah 34. This verse is the 3,614th verse of the Quran. There are exactly 1,538 verses between these two verses, including the 2,077th verse. 1,538 is the melting point of iron—that is, the temperature at which it “softens.” This is a clear divine sign for those with knowledge.
Iron is also of vital importance in our world; it forms the magnetosphere, which protects our planet from solar radiation. The magnetosphere is mentioned in verse 32 of Surah Al-Anbiya; it is a great miracle for those with knowledge.
Surah Al-Anbiya, Verse 32
We have made the sky a protected ceiling. Yet they still turn away from My signs.
وَجَعَلْنَا السَّمَٓاءَ سَقْفاً مَحْفُوظاًۚ وَهُمْ عَنْ اٰيَاتِهَا مُعْرِضُونَ
Ve cealnes semae sakfen mahfuza, ve hum an ayatiha mu’ridun
This protective system is made possible by the Earth’s magnetic field (magnetosphere) and the ionosphere. The Earth’s magnetic field directs this harmful radiation toward the poles. At the poles, the radiation strikes the atoms (nitrogen and oxygen atoms) in the ionosphere, energizing them; this high energy causes electrons to be ejected from the atoms. As soon as the electrons are released, photons (flashes of light) are emitted. The atom becomes an ion. These ejected electrons then re-enter the orbits of other atoms. Thanks to this protective system established by Almighty Allah, this harmful radiation is neutralized, thereby making life on Earth possible. High-energy particles from the Sun are thus directed toward the poles thanks to Earth’s magnetic field (which is generated by the dynamo effect resulting from the rotation of the iron core). How could a human 1,400 years ago have known that the atmosphere protects the Earth?
The Origin of Life in Water
The Qur’an clearly states in two separate verses, 14 centuries ago, that all living things were created from water. This is a great miracle of the Qur’an: Verse 30 of Surah Al-Anbiya and Verse 45 of Surah An-Nur. There is no verse in the Qur’an that contradicts these two verses. This is clear proof that the Quran comes from the Creator of the universe.
Surah An-Nur, Verse 45
Allah created every living thing from water. Some of them crawl on their bellies, some walk on two legs, and some walk on four legs. Allah creates whatever He wills. Undoubtedly, Allah has power over all things.
وَاللّٰهُ خَلَقَ كُلَّ دَٓابَّةٍ مِنْ مَٓاءٍۚ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَمْش۪ي عَلٰى بَطْنِه۪ۚ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَمْش۪ي عَلٰى رِجْلَيْنِۚ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَمْشon all fours. Allah creates whatever He wills. Indeed, Allah has power over all things.
And Allah has created every living creature from water; among them are those that walk on their bellies, and among them are those that walk on two legs, and among them are those that walk on four. Allah creates whatever He wills; indeed, Allah has power over all things
Surah Al-Anbiya, Verse 30
Do those who disbelieve not see that the heavens and the earth were joined together, and We parted them? And We created every living thing from water. Will they still not acknowledge the truth?
Have those who disbelieve not seen that the heavens and the earth were joined together as a single entity, and then We parted them? And We created from water every living thing. Will they not believe?
E ve lem yerellezine keferu ennes semavati vel arda kaneta retkan fe fetaknahuma, ve cealna minel mai kulle şey’in hayy, e fe la yu’minun
Water, H₂O, is a molecule formed by the combination of two hydrogen and one oxygen atom. It exists in a liquid state within a specific temperature range. Due to certain chemical and physical properties, it differs from the liquid states of other substances. Because of these properties, it offers unique characteristics essential for the origin and continuation of life.
- It is an excellent solvent. It ensures that atoms are sufficiently fluid to allow the formation of the carbon-hydrogen bonds necessary for life, enabling these bonds to form and the first molecules of living organisms to emerge.
- It serves as an excellent mediator for the chemical reactions necessary for the origin of life. It enables three-dimensional hydrogen bonding.
Modern science confirms the statement made by Almighty Allah 1,400 years ago: “We created every living thing from water.”
It is now a well-established fact that life began in water with single-celled organisms. Almighty Allah initiated life in water because He endowed water with the properties necessary to sustain life. Molecules formed from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Subsequently, cell membranes formed, giving rise to the first single-celled organisms.
Over millions of years, these organisms diversified through Allah’s process of evolution and evolved into multicellular organisms. The onset of sexual reproduction also occurred in water. Subsequently, the formation and evolution of terrestrial organisms began. Later, reptiles, birds, and mammals spread across the earth through Allah’s process of evolution.
There is never any contradiction in the Qur’an;
Surah An-Nisa, Verse 82
Do they not ponder the Qur’an? If it had been sent by anyone other than Allah, they would have found many contradictions in it.
اَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْاٰنَۜ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِنْدِ غَيْرِ اللّٰهِ لَوَجَدُوا ف۪يهِ اخْتِلَافاً كَث۪يراً
E fe la yetedebberunel kur’an. Ve lev kane min indi gayrillahi le vecedu fihi ihtilafen kesira
Surah Al-Jinn, Verse 22
Say: “No one can protect me from Allah, and I will never find refuge in anyone other than Him.”
Say, “Indeed, no one can protect me from Allah, and I will never find a refuge other than Him.”
Say: “Indeed, no one can protect me from Allah, and I will never find a refuge other than Him.”
No one can protect us from the Almighty Allah
Surah Al-Jinn, Verse 18
The mosques belong only to Allah. Therefore, do not invoke anyone besides Allah.
And that the mosques belong to Allah; so do not invoke anyone alongside Allah.
And indeed, the mosques belong to Allah, so do not invoke anyone alongside Allah.
Do not supplicate to anyone other than the Exalted Allah
Surah An-Nisa, Verse 116
Allah does not forgive the sin of associating partners with Him; but He forgives whatever is less than that to whomever He wills. Whoever associates partners with Allah has indeed gone astray.
Indeed, Allah does not forgive the sin of associating partners with Him, but He forgives whatever is less than that for whom He wills. And whoever associates partners with Allah has indeed gone far astray.
Innallahe la yagfiru en yuşrake bihi ve yagfiru ma dune zalike li men yeşau. Ve men yuşrik billahi fe kad dalle dalalen baida.
The Exalted Allah does not forgive the polytheists
Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, knows best.
